johnson



T. c. louwsofl. SHOULDER ARM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5. 1919.

Patented Nov. 25', 1919.

T, C. JOHNSON. snouum .ARM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5. I919 Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

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SHOULDER ARM."

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5. 1919.

Patented Nov 25, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS C. JOHNSON, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO WINCHESTER REPEATING ARMS CO., OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION.

SHOULDEREARM.

' Application filed July 5, 1919. Serial No. 308,849.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS C. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Shoulder- Arms; and I do hereby declar the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the characters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this application, and represent, inv vFigure l a detached plan view of the receiver, bolt and bolt-handle of a shoulder arm constructed in accordance with :my invention, the bolt being shown initslocked position, and the barrel being shown as broken away at the breech, I 1 Fig. 2 a corresponding view in side elevation.

Fig. 3 a rear end view thereof. 3 v

Fig. 4 a detached plan view of the receiver, shown as stripped. 7

Fig. 5 a view in transverse section-on the line 5'5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 a view in side elevation correspond" ing to Figs. 1 and 2, but showing the bolt in its unlocked and retracted position.

Fig. 7 a corresponding rear view thereof.

Fig. 8 a detached view in side elevation of the bolt.

Fig. 9 a rear end view thereof.

Fig. 10 a detached view in side elevation of the bolt-handle.

Fig. 11 a rear view thereof.

Fig. 12 a detached view in elevation of the bolt-handle key.

Fig. 13 an edge view thereof.

My invention relates to an improvement in that class of shoulder arms in which the bolt is locked at its rear end, the object being to produce a simple, symmetrical, safe, durable, convenient and reliable arm constructed with particular reference to distributing the shock of recoil on laterally opposite sides of the axis of the bolt at the rear nd thereof.

With these ends in view, my invention consists in a shoulder arm having its bolt locked at its rear end on laterally opposite sides of its longitudinal axis.

My invention further consists in a shoul- .der arm having its bolt provided at its rear end with a pivotal handle formed with a projection by means of which it is held in its elevated position during its forward and rearward excursion with the bolt. My invention further consists in a shoulder arm having certain details of construction as will be hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

In carrying out my invention as herein shown, the upper rear corner of the receiver 6 is rearwardly and downwardly beveled to form a tapering receiver-terminal 6 at. its rear end. At its forward end the terminal is formed with a transversely arranged segmental .lockingslot 7 intersectin the rear end of the bolt-chamber 8 formed 1n the. body of the receiver for the reception and longi+ tudinal movement of the cylindrical bolt 9. The said slot 7 concentric with theboltchamber 8 buiZ- struflkiOIl-a larger curve than the same so .as gto produce right and left hand recoiltaking shoulders 10 and Y11 standing ata right angle to the axis of the bolt-chamber on opposite lateral sides of the axis thereof, and substantially in the horizontal plane, whereby provision is made for taking the shock of recoil on both sides of Specification of Letters Patent. .Patented Nov, 25, 1919,

theaxis'of the bolt and'laterally. rather than vertically. A guide-groove 12 intersecting the rear wall of the locking-slot 7 and ex tending rearward therefrom in the receiverterminal 6'" in line with the bolt-chamber, receives a guiding and locking-lug or projection 13 radially offsetting from the sleeve 14: of the bolt-handle 15. The bolt 9 is formed at its rear 'end with a concentric stem 16 fitting into the handle-sleeve l t and formed with an annular groove 17 receiving a flat wing-like key 18 fitting into a slot 19 formed in part in the sleeve 14 and in part in the stop-shoulder 20 of the bolt-handle, the said key being held in place by a pin 21 inserted into the said shoulder, whereby the handle is pivotally mounted upon the rear end of the bolt which although free to be moved back and forth in the bolt-chamber, is held against rotation therein by having the' lower portion of its forward end cut away to form a flat bearing-face 22 which rides upon the flat upper bearing-face of a bolt-guide 23 located within the bottom of the for ard end of the bolt-chamber and held n place by a screw 24.

A, deep cut 25 formed in the right hand wall of the receiver and registering with the segmental locking-slot 7 aforesaid, is provided to permit the handle to be turned down into its locked positionin which the rear face of its lug or projection 13 i s-engaged;

with the left hand recoil-taking shoulder 11 aforesaid, and in which the right hand recoil-taking shoulder 10 is engaged by the between recoil-taking abutments located in,

or substantially in, the horizontal plane and on opposite lateralflsides of the axis of the bolt, instead of at a'point above and below the axis thereof as in'someguns'of the prior art, my improved const'ruction'beingadapted to an arm the receiver whereofhas its rear end rearwardly'and downwardly beveled to form the receiver-terminal 6*" by which the upper rear corner ofthe receiver is cutofi. The upper vportion of the forward end of the receiver is transversely cut away to'produce a cartridge-loading and cartridge-ejecting' opening 27 intersecting the forward end of the bolt-chamber, while the upper surface ottheire'ceiver, at a point closet'o the 7 rear en d ofthel said opening,fis formed with a transverse i i'ovetail 's lot 28 which" mayf be utilized for the m'oui'itihg ora -ear sight, or a teles'cope-niount', or""which bet-filled in with an Lorna'mental block. 5 To the-mar of the" "slot 28, tlietop 'of 'theflreceivenis shaped to' form "a "flat bearing face'QQ which, as shown, extends rearward to the seginental lockingslot 7 which marks the beginning; of the beveled terminal end 6?. I In using my improved gun, assuming the bolt to be fully'retracted and the bolt-handle to be in" its elevated position' asshowuin Fig. 6, the handle:is-pushed forward until it is'fully alined 'with' the transverse segmental locking-slot, in the receiver, the bolt being thus moved into its closed position. During this forward movement .of the bolt and handle, the latter is firmly sustained in its elevated position bv the riding of itslug 13 in the guide-slot 12 The handle is now rocked from left to right upon the boltstem 16, whereby its lug 13 is engaged with the left hand recoil-taking shoulder 11 of the receiver, and whereby the locking surface 26 of the handle is engaged witlrthei'ight hand recoil-taking shoulder 10. of the receiver, the handle being at this time in the position in which it is shown in Figs. 1, '2 and 3. Provision is thus made for distributing the shock of recoil between two recoil-' lug 13 has been registered with the guideslot-12 for the retraction of the bolt into its'iinlocked position. i

The transverse locking-slot" S herein v:shownand described intersects the opposite side walls of the receiver and opens upwardly and rearwardly, its left hand end merging into a stop-shoulder for the bolt-handle when the same is thrown into its open position and its right hand end being cut away to a level below -its lefthand end for the reception of the bolt-handle when the same is thrown';into its locked position and the rear -wall ot the slot being entirely cut away to the'le'velof its letthand end. The receiver, moreover, is cut away: horizontally, rearwardly and downwardly from the front wall of the said slot so that thesame opens up wardly and rearwardly as described so as to give a substantially full view of the handle at all times. This enables the recoil-taking surfaces of the handle and receiver to be seen when the handle is injits closed position and thus permits the accurate fitting of the parts in the initial-construction ofthe arm with the end "in view of 1 having the recoil taken equallyjon both sides of the axis of the receiver whichi's not possible v hen either one or both' of the" pairs of recoiltakingsurfaees are hidden-from view. #:Fhr-

thermore by the construction above-dc scribed, I amable to shorten up the receiver as well as secure symmetrical lines 'tor the receiver and gun-stock.

struct a bolt'action shoulder-arm so-"as' to take the shock-of recoil in a horizontallplane scribed, I am able'to shorten up the receiver and do not claim that construction broadly. 'I claim:- I 1. A bolt-action shoulder-arm having its receiver formed at its rear end with a single transverse upwardly and rearwardly open: ing locking-slot intersecting its opposite side Walls, the left-hand end ofthe said slot; merging into a horizontal handlestop sur face and its right-hand end being cutaway for the clearance of the handle-stem, a nonrotatable bolt and a bolt-handle swiveled upon therear end thereof fitting in the said loc-king slot and engaging with the rear wall thereof in the-horizontal plane on opposite sides of thea'xis ot the receiver.

2. A bolt-action shoulder arm having its receiver formed at its rear end with a single transverse upwardly and rearwardly open ing locking-slot and with a guide slot leading rearwardly out of the rear wall or the saiu locking-slot in a line parallel with the'axis of the gun; anon-rotatable bolt and a bolthandle-swiveled upon the rear end of the bolt, adapted to engage with the right hand portion of the rear wall of the'said lockingslot and formed with a projection engagingsimultaneously with the left-hand portion of receiver formed at its rear end with a single transverse upwardly and rearwardly opening locking-slot intersecting its opposite side walls, its left-hand end being higher than its right-hand end and its rear wall being lower than its front wall; a non-rotatable bolt and a bolt-handle swiveled upon the rear end of the bolt and adapted to fit into the said locking-slot and engaging with the lower rear wall thereof at points on opposite sides of the axis of the receiver, the said handle engaging when upturned with a stopsurface at the left-hand end of the slot and entering the right end of the slot when turned down into its locked position.

4:. A bolt-action shoulder arm having its receiver formed at its rear end with a single transverse upwardly and rearwardly opening-locking slot intersecting itsopposite side walls and the rear end of the receiver being horizontally rearwardly and downwardly cut away from the front wall of the said slot to form a tapering terminal nd the bottom of which is provided with a guide-slot in teisecting the center of the bottom of the rear wall of the said locking-slot; a nonrotatable bolt and a bolt handle swiveled upon the rear end thereof and adapted to enter the said locking-slot and to co-act with the right -hand portion of the rear wall thereof in taking the recoil and formed with a recoil-taking projection co-acting with the left-hand portion of the rear wall thereof and also co-acting with the guide-slot, whereby the handle is maintained in its elevated position during its forward and rearward excursions.

5. A bolt-action shoulder arm having the rear end of its receiver formed with a single transverse upwardly and rearwardly opening locking-slot intersecting its opposite side walls and with a longitudinally arranged guide-slot intersecting the center of the bottom of the rear wall of thesaid locking-slot; abolt having the lower face of its forward end cut away, a bolt-guide located in the bottom of the bore of the receiver of thegun for co-acting with the said cut-away portion of the bolt whereby the bolt is held against rotation, and a. bolt-handle swiveled upon the rear end of the bolt and co-acting with the rear wall of the locking-slot for taking the recoil of the gun, and co-acting with the guide-slot for being held against pivotal movement with respect to the non-rotatable bolt during the forward and rearward excursions thereof.

6. A bolt-action shoulder-arm having a receiver formed with a transverse locking-' slot intersecting its opposite side walls and providing recoil-taking surfaces located on laterally opposite sides of the axis of the receiver, a non-rotatable bolt, and a bolthandle swiveled upon the rear end thereof and furnished with locking-surfaces positioned to co-act with the respective recoiltaking faces of the receiver when the handle is. in its locked position, the said receiver being horizontally rearwardly cut away from the front wall of the said locking-slot to expose to view the upper edges of the contacting surfaces of the locking slot and handle.

7. A bolt-action shoulder-arm having a receiver provided with a transverse lockingslot having its rear wall horizontally cut away below the level of its front wall and having its left-hand end wall cut away to the level of its rear wall and its right-hand end wall cut away below'the level of its rear wall, a non-rotatable bolt and a bolt-handle swiveled upon the rear end thereof and furnished with locking surfaces respectively positioned to co-act with the rear wall of the said locking-slot on laterally opposite sides of the axis of the bolt when the handle is in its locked position, the rear end of the receiver being cut away horizontally and downwardly below the level of the rear Wall of the said locking-slot.

8. A bolt-action shoulder-arm having a receiver formed at its rear end with a single transverse upwardly and rearw ardly opening locking-slot, a non-rotatable bolt formed at its rear end with a reduced stem having an annular circumferential groove, a bolthandle adapted to enter the said lockingslot and provided with a forwardly projecting slotted sleeve receiving the reduced stem at the rear end of the bolt, and a key mounted in the said sleeve and entering the said groove for pivotally connecting the handle with the bolt.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS C. JOHNSON. Witnesses:

CLARA L. WEED, GEORGE D. SEYMOUR. 

